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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

%\title[GEANT4/EGS5]{GEANT4/EGS5}

\title{Electronic components}

\author{Sho Uemura}
%\institute{bumming around}
\date[November 19, 2018]

%\titlegraphic{
%\includegraphics[height=0.1\textheight]{SLAC_Logo}\hspace*{4.75cm}~
%\includegraphics[height=0.1\textheight]{partner_logo_v2}
%}

\begin{document}

%\setcounter{framenumber}{2} 
\begin{frame}
    \titlepage
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}{Stave flex circuit design}
    \begin{itemize}
        \item Stave consists of three flex circuits: one Al FPC that connects to ALPIDE sensors and carries signals, two Cu FPCs that carry analog and digital supplies
        \item In the ALICE design, all FPCs end at the same patch panel
    \end{itemize}
    \begin{center}
        \includegraphics[width=0.8\textwidth,page=10]{IB_FPC_DiMauro-R260417}
    \end{center}
\end{frame}

%\begin{frame}{MVTX integration needs}
    %\begin{columns}
        %\column{0.4\textwidth}
        %\begin{itemize}
            %\item INTT limits the OD of the MVTX patch panel 
            %\item Solution: make the power FPCs longer
                %\begin{itemize}
                    %\item Original patch panel only has signal connectors; power FPCs pass through to a new patch panel further out in $z$
                %\end{itemize}
        %\end{itemize}
        %\column{0.6\textwidth}
        %\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{new_l0.png}
    %\end{columns}
    %\begin{center}
        %\includegraphics[width=0.8\textwidth]{patch_panels.png}
    %\end{center}
%\end{frame}

\begin{frame}{Extending the power FPC}
    \begin{columns}
        \column{0.6\textwidth}
        \begin{itemize}
            \item ALICE power FPC design extended from 15 cm to 40 cm and 60 cm for tests (40 cm is enough)
            \item Expect no change to the power integrity at the sensors
                \begin{itemize}
                    \item Decoupling capacitors (large-value caps on the power FPCs, high-frequency caps next to wirebonds on the signal FPCs) stay in same positions relative to loads
                    \item Power planes are 1-ounce copper, small increase in IR drops (compensated at supply)
                    \item ALPIDE has good noise immunity on AVDD and DVDD; sensor bias is sensitive but low-current
                \end{itemize}
        \end{itemize}
        \column{0.4\textwidth}
        \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{power_fpc}
    \end{columns}
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}{Testing}
    \begin{columns}
        \column{0.7\textwidth}
        \begin{itemize}
            \item For ``apples-to-apples'' comparison: take a fully tested HIC (stave without support structure), remove the 15 cm power FPCs and replace with ours, retest
            \item September CERN visit: ALICE experts did the resoldering work and ran their standard QA suite
        \end{itemize}
        \column{0.3\textwidth}
        \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{IMG_20180920_112846827_wideview}
    \end{columns}
    \begin{center}
        \includegraphics[width=0.9\textwidth]{DSCN3668}
    \end{center}
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}{Results}
    \begin{itemize}
        \item Threshold and noise (from charge injection turn-on curve) are indistinguishable
        \item Other tests also see no change: supply currents, high-speed data transmission
        \item Conclusion: the extended power FPCs perform well, with 20 cm margin over our planned 40 cm length
    \end{itemize}
    \begin{columns}
        \column{0.5\textwidth}
        \begin{itemize}
            \item 15 cm:
        \end{itemize}
        \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{Threshold_FitResults_180918_150957_Chip_threshold2}

        \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{Threshold_FitResults_180918_172431_Chip_threshold2}
        \column{0.5\textwidth}
        \begin{itemize}
            \item top 40 cm, bottom 60 cm:
        \end{itemize}
        \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{Threshold_FitResults_180920_124734_Chip_threshold2}

        \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{Threshold_FitResults_180921_113000_Chip_threshold2}
    \end{columns}
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}{Signal cables}
    %\begin{columns}
        %\column{0.7\textwidth}
        \begin{itemize}
            \item Custom Samtec twinax cables carry the differential data signals (LVDS, 1.2 Gbps) from stave to Readout Unit (with a intermediate patch panel)
            \item ALICE ITS uses special halogen-free twinax (joint development for ALICE and ATLAS) due to CERN's LSZH requirement
            \item Connectors are card-edge connectors compatible with off-the-shelf Samtec designs, but modified for space constraints and the bulkier cable
        \end{itemize}
        %\column{0.3\textwidth}
        %\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{IMG_20180920_112846827_wideview}
    %\end{columns}
    \begin{center}
        \includegraphics[width=0.9\textwidth]{cables}
    \end{center}
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}{Signal cables}
    %\begin{columns}
        %\column{0.7\textwidth}
        \begin{itemize}
            \item BNL has approved our use of off-the-shelf Samtec twinax (halogenated, but meets VW-1 fire safety spec), which has superior signal integrity for a given bulk
            \item 36 AWG (used in off-the-shelf FireFly) has similar attenuation to CERN twinax and is 1/3 the size; 30 AWG is the same size as CERN twinax (drop-in replacement) and 1/2 the attenuation
            \item We intend to use 30 AWG twinax, which adds noise margin and minimizes design changes; samples and quotes in process
        \end{itemize}
        %\column{0.3\textwidth}
        %\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{IMG_20180920_112846827_wideview}
    %\end{columns}
    \begin{center}
        \includegraphics[width=0.9\textwidth]{cables}
    \end{center}
\end{frame}
%signal cables

%\begin{frame}{Moving forward}
    %\begin{itemize}
        %\item We will bring these HICs back to LANL for any further tests
        %\item This test fulfills one of the recommendations from the MVTX review
            %\begin{itemize}
                %\item ALPIDE performance at high integrated dose: done immediately after the review
                %\item Inner tracker optimization task force and mechanical mockups: making good progress
            %\end{itemize}
        %\item ALICE expects to finish their production in December, build MVTX staves in 2019
    %\end{itemize}
%\end{frame}


%\begin{frame}{Displaced vertex trigger hodoscopes}
%\begin{columns}
%\column{0.65\textwidth}
%\begin{itemize}
%\begin{frame}{Displaced vertex trigger hodoscopes}
%\begin{columns}
%\column{0.65\textwidth}
%\begin{itemize}
%\item Hardware delivered this year:
%\begin{itemize}
%\item Hodoscope boxes and prototypes
%\item Readout and calibration systems
%\item Power supply system
%\item FPGA trigger
%\end{itemize}
%\item Installed and commissioned at Fermilab, and recorded physics data
%\end{itemize}
%\begin{center}
%\includegraphics[width=0.6\textwidth]{st2_done_1000}
%\end{center}
%\column{0.35\textwidth}
%\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{st1_done_1000}

%\end{columns}
%\end{frame}

%\begin{frame}{Detector design}
%\begin{columns}
%\column{0.65\textwidth}
%\begin{itemize}
%\item Extruded scintillator bars detect charged particles, wavelength-shifting fibers collect light and transport it to the SiPMs
%\item Station 1: four boxes, 80 1-cm bars each
%\item Station 2: four boxes, 50 2-cm bars each
%\end{itemize}
%\begin{center}
%\includegraphics[width=0.7\textwidth]{st2_done_1000}
%\end{center}
%\column{0.35\textwidth}
%\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{st1_done_1000}
%
%\end{columns}
%\end{frame}
%
%\begin{frame}{Mechanical structure}
%\begin{columns}
%\column{0.65\textwidth}
%\begin{itemize}
%\item Frame modified to minimize material in the detector acceptance
%\item Survey monuments for reproducible positioning
%\item Boxes are light-tight with patch panels for signals and voltages, ventilation flanges for air cooling (if necessary)
%\item Quadrants are bolted together using 80-20 hardware, then bolted to I-beams
%\end{itemize}
%\begin{center}
%\includegraphics[width=0.6\textwidth]{IMG_4793_1000}
%\end{center}
%\column{0.35\textwidth}
%\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{1mhodo_safety}
%
%\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{st1_position3}
%\end{columns}
%\end{frame}
%
%\begin{frame}{Readout electronics: preamps}
%\begin{columns}
%\column{0.6\textwidth}
%\begin{itemize}
%\item ``Postage stamp'' x10 preamp design contributed by Fermilab, with modification to the pulse shaper
%\item Benchtop tests confirm gain degradation in magnetic field is acceptable
%\item SiPMs and preamps are mounted on ``preamp plate''
%\item All components electrically isolated from plate to avoid noise pickup
%\item Twisted-pair pigtail connects SiPM to preamp
%\end{itemize}
%\column{0.4\textwidth}
%%\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{hodoscope_diagram}
%
%\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{IMG_4794_half}
%
%\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{IMG_4795_half}
%\end{columns}
%\end{frame}
%
%\begin{frame}{Readout electronics: cabling}
%\begin{columns}
%\column{0.6\textwidth}
%\begin{itemize}
%\item Short coaxial cables connect preamp outputs to patch panel
%\item Long coaxial cables connect patch panel to CAMAC discriminators
%\item Ribbon cables connect discriminators to trigger boards and TDCs
%\end{itemize}
%\column{0.4\textwidth}
%
%%\includegraphics[width=\textwidth,angle=270]{DSCN1860_1000}
%\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{IMG_2889_crop_1000}
%\end{columns}
%\end{frame}
%
%\begin{frame}{Single-bar beam test}
%\begin{columns}
%\column{0.6\textwidth}
%\begin{itemize}
%\item Single-bar test units: 1-cm and 2-cm units built and tested on the beam at SeaQuest in March
%\item Plots on right (2-cm on top, 1-cm on bottom) show hit times relative to E906 Drell-Yan trigger
%\begin{itemize}
%\item Small peaks are random particles from other beam buckets, big peak is in time with the trigger
%\end{itemize}
%\item Proved the system works with real beam, in the real environment
%\end{itemize}
%\begin{center}
%\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{IMG_4732}
%\end{center}
%\column{0.4\textwidth}
%\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{tube1}
%
%\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{tube2}
%\end{columns}
%\end{frame}

\appendix
\backupbegin



%\begin{frame}{Backup: hodoscope block diagram}
%\begin{center}
%\includegraphics[width=0.6\textwidth]{hodoscope_diagram}
%\end{center}
%\end{frame}
%
%\begin{frame}{Backup: power box block diagram}
%\begin{center}
%\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{power_box_diagram}
%\end{center}
%\end{frame}
%
%\begin{frame}{Backup: master box block diagram}
%\begin{center}
%\includegraphics[width=0.6\textwidth]{master_box_diagram}
%\end{center}
%\end{frame}
%
\backupend
%\begin{frame}{Fix vertex fit}
%\begin{columns}
%\column{0.6\textwidth}
%\begin{itemize}
%\item The resolution of the reconstructed mass should be independent of Z but is worse for displaced vertices.
%\end{itemize}
%\begin{center}
%\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{mass_shift_40}
%\end{center}
%\column{0.4\textwidth}
%\includegraphics[width=\textwidth,page=4]{acceptance_40}
%\end{columns}
%\end{frame}

\end{document}