\documentclass[presentation]{beamer}
% Replacing 'presentation' with 'handout' in the above line
% will produce 4 slides per page.
% The hyperref option makes it possible to include hyperlinks.

\mode<presentation> {
\usetheme{Boadilla}
\setbeamercovered{transparent}
}

\usepackage[english]{babel}
\usepackage[latin1]{inputenc}
\usepackage{times}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
%\usepackage{wrapfig}
\usepackage{amsmath}

\mode<handout>{
\usepackage{pgfpages}
\pgfpagesuselayout{4 on 1}[letterpaper,landscape,border shrink=5mm]
\setbeamercolor{background canvas}{bg=black!10} }

\setbeamertemplate{footline}
{
    \leavevmode%
    \hbox{%
        \begin{beamercolorbox}[wd=.333333\paperwidth,ht=2.25ex,dp=1ex,center]{author
            in head/foot}%
            \usebeamerfont{author in head/ foot}\insertshortauthor%&\approx& (\insertshorti
        \end{beamercolorbox}%
        \begin{beamercolorbox}[wd=.333333\paperwidth,ht=2.25ex,dp=1ex,center]{title
            in head/foot}%
            \usebeamerfont{title in head/foot}\insertshorttitle
        \end{beamercolorbox}%
        \begin{beamercolorbox}[wd=.333333\paperwidth,ht=2.25ex,dp=1ex,right]{date in
            head/foot}%
            \usebeamerfont{date in head/foot}\insertshortdate\hspace*{2em}
            \insertframenumber / \inserttotalframenumber\hspace*{2ex}
    \end{beamercolorbox}}%
    \vskip0pt%
}


%gets rid of bottom navigation bars
%\setbeamertemplate{footline}[frame number]{}

%gets rid of bottom navigation symbols
%\setbeamertemplate{navigation symbols}{}

%gets rid of footer
%will override 'frame number' instruction above
%comment out to revert to previous/default definitions
%\setbeamertemplate{footline}{}

\newcommand{\backupbegin}{
\newcounter{framenumberappendix}
\setcounter{framenumberappendix}{\value{framenumber}}
}
\newcommand{\backupend}{
\addtocounter{framenumberappendix}{-\value{framenumber}}
\addtocounter{framenumber}{\value{framenumberappendix}} 
}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

%\title[GEANT4/EGS5]{GEANT4/EGS5}

\title{Prop tubes and fine-grained hodocsopes}

\author{Sho Uemura}
\institute{Los Alamos National Laboratory}
\date[June 14, 2018]

%\titlegraphic{
%\includegraphics[height=0.1\textheight]{SLAC_Logo}\hspace*{4.75cm}~
%\includegraphics[height=0.1\textheight]{partner_logo_v2}
%}

\begin{document}

%\setcounter{framenumber}{2} 
\begin{frame}
    \titlepage
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}{Recommissioning}
    \begin{itemize}
        \item LANL group is responsible for the prop tubes and fine-grained hodoscopes
            \begin{itemize}
                \item St-4 prop tubes: Xuan Li
                \item St-1 and St-2 fine-grained hodoscopes: Sho Uemura
            \end{itemize}
        \item Help is welcome; we need expertise more than raw manpower
    \end{itemize}
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}{Prop tubes: basic design}
    \begin{itemize}
        \item 2 X and 2 Y layers, coverage $>250\times 250$ cm
        \item Aluminum drift tubes for good position resolution $\to$ track matching to Station 3 drift chambers
        \item Each plane constructed of 2 staggered rows of 2'' diameter tubes for excellent efficiency and reasonable channel count
    \includegraphics[width=0.6\textwidth]{proptubes_sketch}
        \item Nanometrics amplifier / discriminator electronics with ECL output. Option for more modern electronics with LVDS output (<50\$/chan)
        \item Well-tested design with 1000's of operational tubes
        \item Works with a variety of gas mixtures at $\sim+2300$V
    \end{itemize}
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}{Prop tube front end readout}
    \begin{center}
        \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{proptubes_readout}
    \end{center}
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}{Prop tube status as of July 1, 2017}
    \begin{columns}
        \column{0.5\textwidth}
        \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{proptubes_badchannels1}
        \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{proptubes_badchannels2}
        \column{0.5\textwidth}
        \begin{itemize}
            \item 19/576 dead channels
            \item 10/576 low-efficiency channels
            \item The modules on the edge of P1H and center of P2H are particularly bad since they create holes (false asymmetries) in the acceptance
            \item 2 different versions of N-277s (different gain) were used. We ran out of spares for both.
        \end{itemize}
    \end{columns}
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}{Plan for the detectors}
    \begin{itemize}
        \item Evaluate the status of the spares on the corner of the loading dock
        \item Identify the bad tubes/modules and replace with good spares
        \item 2 weeks of work planned in July, but will need to coordinate with shielding/target installation efforts
    \end{itemize}
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}{Plans for the preamps (2 options)}
    \begin{columns}
        \column{0.5\textwidth}
        \begin{itemize}
            \item Option 1: repair the broken N277s (the exact model we used are very hard to find)
        \begin{itemize}
            \item Appreciate help if a collaborator could help find the same N227s or fix them
        \end{itemize}
        \end{itemize}
        \column{0.5\textwidth}
        \begin{itemize}
            \item Option 2: Replace with more modern electronics (Decision Sciences amplifier/discriminator, needs some redesign to fit the form-factor)
        \end{itemize}
    \end{columns}
    \begin{columns}
        \column{0.5\textwidth}
        \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{proptubes_n277}
        \column{0.5\textwidth}
        \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{proptubes_decisionsciences}
    \end{columns}
\end{frame}



\begin{frame}{Fine-grained hodoscopes: basic design}
    \begin{columns}
        \column{0.7\textwidth}
        \begin{itemize}
            \item Constructed in quadrants ($4\times 4$ ft boxes, light-tight); quadrants are bolted together using 1.5'' 80-20 hardware and supported by I-beams
            \item Coverage: both stations are dead $|y|<7.5$ cm
                \begin{itemize}
                    \item St-1: $|x|<80$ cm, $|y|<80$ cm
                    \item St-2: $|x|<100$ cm, $|y|<100$ cm
                \end{itemize}
        \end{itemize}
        \begin{center}
            \includegraphics[width=0.35\textwidth]{IMG_2539_1000}
            \includegraphics[width=0.35\textwidth]{IMG_2459_1000}
        \end{center}
        \column{0.3\textwidth}
        \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{st1_done_1000}

        \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{st2_done_1000}
    \end{columns}
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}{Fine-grained hodoscopes: basic design}
    \begin{columns}
        \column{0.75\textwidth}
        \begin{itemize}
            \item Extruded scintillator bars with wavelength-shifting fiber+SiPM readout
                \begin{itemize}
                    \item St-1: $1\times 1$ cm bars, 80 bars/quadrant
                    \item St-2: $2\times 2$ cm bars, 50 bars/quadrant
                \end{itemize}
            \item Preamps push analog signals out over coax to LeCroy 4413/4416 discriminators, same as other hodoscopes
        \end{itemize}
        \begin{center}
        \includegraphics[width=0.48\textwidth]{IMG_4794_half}
        \includegraphics[width=0.48\textwidth]{IMG_4795_half}
        \end{center}
        \column{0.25\textwidth}
        \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{IMG_4929_half}

        \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{IMG_4917_half}
    \end{columns}
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}{Fine-grained hodoscopes as of July 2018}
    \begin{center}
        \includegraphics[width=0.24\textwidth,page=4]{efficiency}
        \includegraphics[width=0.24\textwidth,page=10]{efficiency}
        \includegraphics[width=0.24\textwidth,page=16]{efficiency}
        \includegraphics[width=0.24\textwidth,page=22]{efficiency}

        \includegraphics[width=0.24\textwidth,page=31]{efficiency}
        \includegraphics[width=0.24\textwidth,page=37]{efficiency}
        \includegraphics[width=0.24\textwidth,page=43]{efficiency}
        \includegraphics[width=0.24\textwidth,page=49]{efficiency}
    \end{center}
    \begin{itemize}
        \item Bad channels: 21/120 (+200 uninstrumented) St-1, 18/200 St-2
        \item The outer 50 channels in each St-1 quadrant are not connected: tested before installation, fully cabled, but coax cables do not go to 4413's
            \begin{itemize}
                \item Not used for the displaced-vertex trigger, but would be needed for a target/dump separation trigger
            \end{itemize}
    \end{itemize}
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}{Plan for the fine-grained hodoscopes}
    \begin{columns}
        \column{0.7\textwidth}
        \begin{itemize}
            \item Fix bad channels
                \begin{itemize}
                    \item We don't think we have any completely dead channels, they just have low amplitude/efficiency
                    \item Before installation, all channels were checked on a scope for visible response to LED pulser and cosmics (no requirement on the amplitude --- takes too long with cosmics, LED pulsers are not calibrated)
                    \item Likely problem (also seen in bench tests): optical coupling from WLS fibers to SiPMs`
                    \item Wiggling the fibers has worked in the past; optical grease should make things more consistent
                \end{itemize}
            \item Connect and re-test the remaining St-1 channels
        \end{itemize}
        \column{0.3\textwidth}
        \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{IMG_4809_half}
    \end{columns}
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}{Testing tools}
    \begin{columns}
        \column{0.6\textwidth}
        \begin{itemize}
            \item LED pulser: each LED is connected to 19 bars through a splitter
                \begin{itemize}
                    \item The splitters were not designed for perfect uniformity, but we see similar amplitudes between bars pulsed from a single splitter; we see large variations between different splitters
                    \item With oscilloscope, this tells us when the detector response changes as we tweak the optical coupling
                \end{itemize}
            \item Cosmics: use V1495 trigger+readout to measure efficiency as a function of bias or threshold (as seen on right)
                \begin{itemize}
                    \item Final test of detector efficiency and signal margin
                \end{itemize}
        \end{itemize}
        \column{0.4\textwidth}
        \includegraphics[width=0.8\textwidth]{splitter_v1_1000}

        \includegraphics[width=0.7\textwidth]{IMG_4524}

        \includegraphics[width=\textwidth,page=6]{eff_all}

        %\includegraphics[width=\textwidth,page=8]{timing_all}
    \end{columns}
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}{Getting to the fibers; plan}
    \begin{columns}
        \column{0.7\textwidth}
        \begin{itemize}
            \item Access through the side edges of the downstream faces of the hodoscopes
            \item Station 2 is accessible by Lift-A-Loft, station 1 must be craned out (easier while Colorado chamber is out)
            \item Plan: work on station 2 in situ, then fix station 1
                \begin{itemize}
                    \item Expect O(2 weeks), with local support for crane lifts
                \end{itemize}
        \end{itemize}
        \column{0.3\textwidth}
        \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{IMG_2459_1000}
    \end{columns}
    \begin{center}
        \includegraphics[width=0.2\textwidth]{cal_fibers_1000}
        \includegraphics[width=0.2\textwidth]{IMG_4925_half}
        \includegraphics[width=0.2\textwidth]{IMG_4940_half}
        \includegraphics[width=0.3\textwidth]{IMG_4939_half}
    \end{center}
\end{frame}


\end{document}